“Consumers cope with the decline of institutions by exit, voice, or loyalty. If your public school is lousy you ‘exit’ by sending your child to a private school. ‘Voice’ would be to show up at school board meetings and complain. Classical economists and libertarians understand exit but are contemptuous of voice. Politics, by contrast, is overwhelmingly focused on voice and regards exit as akin to ‘desertion, defection and treason.'”

– Malcolm Gladwell, “Slackers,” The New Yorker,p.27, July 30, 2012

ABOVE: A beautiful institution (Public Education?) has fallen asleep and the public is deciding what to do.

Loyalty, according to Albert O. Hirschman (the economist quoted by Gladwell,) is to attempt to slow the exit, giving ‘voice’ a chance to do its work.